To take inputs from console - java

import java.util.Scanner;

class test {
public static void main (String [] args) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("Input string is " + in.nextLine());
System.out.println("Input number is " + in.nextInt());

in.close();
}
}

Setting environment variables in windows:
Open the Control Panel (Start ‣ Control Panel), start the System program. Click the Advanced tab and select the Environment Variables button. You can edit or add to the User Variables.

ASCII character list : http://web.cs.mun.ca/~michael/c/ascii-table.html

Tips

* fgetc gets one character by character. So if you have 12 followed by newline written in a file, fgets will return 1 in the first call, 2 in the second call and 10 (for newline) in third call.

*fgets reads characters until it encounters a newline character. newline is considered as a valid character and therefore it is included in the string copied.